Natsume Soseki's Modern Literary System

A psychological novel by Natsume Soseki published in 1914. Through correspondence between an elderly man called 'Sensei' and a university student protagonist, it explores alienation in relationships and spiritual conflict caused by modernization. A masterpiece in Japanese literary history, it continues to provoke deep reflection in readers and remains widely taught in schools.

A representative writer of modern Japanese literature, born in 1892 and active during the Taisho period. Known for masterpiece short stories like 'Rashomon' and 'The Nose,' he is one of the most important figures in Japanese literary history. He demonstrated the pinnacle of short story expression. The annual Akutagawa Prize bears his name.

A collection of novellas by Yoshimoto Banana from 2000. It depicts exhausted people in contemporary society, their desires for escape and silence. Using mature techniques, it explores human psyche and alienation from society. Distinct from the warmth of 'Kitchen,' it expresses more serious and complex psychological states, highly regarded for its depth.

Theoretical works like 'Essence of the Novel' and novels such as 'Character of a Modern Student' by Tsukiji Shoyo, a pioneer of Meiji literature. He introduced European realism philosophy into Japanese literature, departing from traditional romantic and moralistic tales. As both theorist and practitioner, he played a crucial role in modernizing Japanese literature.

A literary giant of the Meiji era who left masterpieces including 'I Am a Cat,' 'Botchan,' and 'Kokoro.' He laid the foundation of modern Japanese literature and was featured on Japan's thousand-yen bill. His works fusing Western literature with Japanese sensibility continue to be widely read today.

The father of modern Japanese literature. 'I Am a Cat,' 'Botchan,' and 'Kokoro' are universally known in Japan. A national literary icon who appeared on the 1,000 yen note.